Mercury Oxide batteries feature a somewhat lower nominal voltage of 1.35V and a cutoff voltage of 1.1V and a larger capacity than Alkaline batteries.ĭue to the stable output voltage, Mercury Oxide batteries were used in various sensitive instruments, but due to the Mercury content, they are not in use anymore. The actual operating time of Zinc Air batteries depends on the local temperature and humidity, but when they are stored (not activated), they may last 3-4 years. After a few minutes, the battery is ready for use. That's the reason why Zinc Air batteries are used almost exclusively in hearing-aid devices - they are activated by removing the protective foil, letting the air into the battery. However, Zinc Air batteries have a wet electrolyte that dries over time - when the electrolyte is dry, the battery is dead, regardless if the battery is discharged or not. ![]() When compared with Alkaline and Silver-Oxide batteries, Zinc Air batteries have much higher capacity. Zinc Air batteries are non-rechargeable batteries with a nominal voltage of 1.4-1.45V and a cutoff voltage of 1.05-1.1V. Silver oxide batteries are non-rechargeable batteries with a nominal voltage of 1.55V and a cutoff voltage of 1.2V.ĭuring the discharge, voltage is very constant, making these batteries suitable for powering sensitive instruments and devices.Īlso, when compared with Alkaline batteries, Silver Oxide batteries have a longer shelf life, higher capacity, are almost leak-proof, etc.īut, Silver Oxide batteries are also more expensive than Alkaline batteries and are used practically only for button/coin cell batteries. When compared with Zinc Carbon batteries, alkaline batteries feature longer shelf life, higher capacity, larger energy density, and they don't leak as easily as Zinc Carbon batteries.Īlkaline batteries are used for both cylindrical and button/coin cell batteries.Īlthough they offer many advantages over Zinc Carbon batteries, Alkaline batteries' voltage also starts to drop quickly when the battery is discharged. Alkaline BatteriesĪlkaline batteries (Zinc-Mangane Dioxide, with Potassium Hydroxide or similar electrolyte) are generally non-rechargeable batteries featuring a nominal voltage of 1.5V and a cutoff voltage of 0.9-1.0V. Zinc Carbon batteries are cheap and reliable batteries, but they tend to leak even when not in use, have relatively short storage life, and generally lower capacity when compared with Alkaline batteries. Zinc Carbon batteries are typically used in cylindrical batteries (1.5V) but also for batteries consisting of three cells (4.5V), four cells (6V), and six cells (9V) connected in series. Their standard electrolyte is Ammonium Chloride (NH 4Cl), which is replaced in "heavy-duty" versions with Zinch Chloride (ZnCl 2). ![]() The nominal voltage is 1.5V, while the cutoff voltage is usually in the 0.8-1.0V range, and it depends on the device being used as well. Zinc carbon batteries are non-rechargeable batteries, and they are one of the oldest battery chemistries in use. Note: Due to the mercury content, Mercury Oxide batteries are no longer in use. Next to these chemistries, one also has to mention Silver Oxide, Zinc Air, and Mercury Oxide chemistries, which are used practically only for button/coin cell batteries. ![]() Note: AA and other cylindrical batteries are also offered as rechargeable and non-rechargeable 3.0 - 3.7V batteries, but they are out of the scope of this article - for more information, feel free to check our AA Batteries - Size, Types, and Equivalents article. Thanks to their popularity, practically all battery brands offer them - 1.5V batteries thus differ in chemistry, size, type, intended use, etc.ġ.5V batteries come in several different chemistries, as shown in the next comparison chart showing typical AA battery 1.5V chemistries: Chemistry 1.5 Volt batteries are some of the most popular batteries on the market, ranging in size from tiny button/coin cell batteries to large, heavy-duty cylindrical batteries.
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